{"id":16187,"date":"2026-01-29T16:46:18","date_gmt":"2026-01-29T16:46:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/?p=16187"},"modified":"2026-02-03T16:54:26","modified_gmt":"2026-02-03T16:54:26","slug":"present-perfect-past-participle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/present-perfect-past-participle\/","title":{"rendered":"Present, perfect i past participle \u2013 co to takiego? Wyja\u015bniamy imies\u0142owy"},"content":{"rendered":"  <section class=\"section blogHeader\" id=\"blogHeader-block_7941bcdcadd171afdaa14442bcf721e3\">\n      <div class=\"blogHeader__wrapper\">\n                              <div class=\"blogHeader__image\">\n              <a href=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/1024\u0445613_-Participle.png\" class=\"glightbox\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/1024\u0445613_-Participle.png\" alt=\"Present, perfect i past participle \u2013 co to takiego? Wyja\u015bniamy imies\u0142owy\" class=\"blogHeader__imageItem\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/1024\u0445613_-Participle-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/1024\u0445613_-Participle-768x460.png 768w, https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/1024\u0445613_-Participle.png 1024w\" style=\"width:100%; aspect-ratio:1024\/613;\"> \n              <\/a>\n          <\/div>\n          \n      <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n      <section class=\"blogContentTable\" data-toc-section>\n        <input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"blogTocToggle\" class=\"blogContentTable__toggle\" \/>\n        <label for=\"blogTocToggle\" class=\"blogContentTable__header\">\n            <span class=\"blogContentTable__heading\">\n                Spis tre\u015bci            <\/span>\n            <span class=\"blogContentTable__arrow\"><\/span>\n        <\/label>\n        <div class=\"blogContentTable__wrapper\">\n            <div class=\"blogContentTable__heading blogContentTable__heading--sidebar\">\n                Spis tre\u015bci            <\/div>\n            <ol class=\"blogContentTable__list\">\n                                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"toc-item\">Czym jest imies\u0142\u00f3w w j\u0119zyku angielskim?<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"toc-item\">Present participle, czyli imies\u0142\u00f3w czasu tera\u017aniejszego<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"toc-item\">Past participle, czyli imies\u0142owy bierne<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"toc-item\">Perfect participle, czyli imies\u0142\u00f3w uprzedni<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"toc-item\">Typowe b\u0142\u0119dy uczni\u00f3w<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"toc-item\">Trzy rodzaje imies\u0142ow\u00f3w \u2013 pe\u0142ne por\u00f3wnanie<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                                    <li>\n                        <span class=\"toc-item\">Sprawdzamy wiedz\u0119!<\/span>\n                    <\/li>\n                            <\/ol>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n    <script>\n        \/\/ Use DOMContentLoaded for faster TOC initialization\n        document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {\n            const tocSection = document.querySelector('[data-toc-section]');\n            if (!tocSection) return;\n\n            const headings = document.querySelectorAll('.blogHeadingText');\n            const tableContainer = tocSection.querySelector('.blogContentTable__list');\n            if (!tableContainer) return;\n\n            \/\/ Clear the container\n            tableContainer.innerHTML = '';\n\n            \/\/ Count valid headings with h2\n            let validHeadingsCount = 0;\n\n            \/\/ For each heading, create an item in the table of contents\n            headings.forEach((heading, index) => {\n                const h2 = heading.querySelector('h2');\n                if (!h2) return;\n\n                validHeadingsCount++;\n                const title = h2.textContent.trim();\n                const itemHtml = `<li><a href=\"#${heading.id}\">${title}<\/a><\/li>`;\n                tableContainer.innerHTML += itemHtml;\n            });\n\n            \/\/ Hide TOC if no valid headings found\n            if (validHeadingsCount === 0) {\n                tocSection.style.display = 'none';\n            }\n            \n            \/\/ Dispatch custom event to notify that TOC is ready\n            document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('tocReady'));\n        });\n    <\/script>\n  \n\n\n\n <section class=\"section blogTakeaways\" id=\"blogCrossPost-block_4268dfc7789bedf57f6abd43eb726364\">\n    \n      <div class=\"blogTakeaways__wrapper\">\n\n          <div class=\"blogTakeaways__header\">\n            Takeaways          <\/div>\n          <ul class=\"blogTakeaways__content\">\n                          <li>\n                  \nWyr\u00f3\u017cniamy trzy rodzaje imies\u0142ow\u00f3w: present participle, past participle oraz perfect participle.\n\n              <\/li>\n                          <li>\n                  \nPresent participle to imies\u0142\u00f3w czynny, kt\u00f3ry pe\u0142ni funkcj\u0119 przymiotnika (np. the running water) lub pozwala nam m\u00f3wi\u0107 o dw\u00f3ch czynno\u015bciach wykonywanych w tym samym momencie (np. He came into the cinema, singing.)\n\n              <\/li>\n                          <li>\n                  \nPast participle to imies\u0142\u00f3w bierny, wyst\u0119puj\u0105cy w stronie biernej lub zast\u0119puj\u0105cy przymiotnik. Przyk\u0142ad: a broken window albo The book was written in 1920.\n\n              <\/li>\n                          <li>\n                  \nPerfect participle to imies\u0142\u00f3w uprzedni. Stosujemy go, gdy chcemy opowiedzie\u0107 o czynno\u015bci, kt\u00f3r\u0105 zosta\u0142a wykonana przed inn\u0105 czynno\u015bci\u0105. Przyk\u0142ad: Having finished his work, he went home.\n\n              <\/li>\n                      <\/ul>\n\n\n      <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogText\" id=\"blogText-block_88ba2be1b3cf52cb65d963a8549f9355\">\n    <div class=\"blogText__wrapper\">\n        <div class=\"blogText__content\">\n            <blockquote><p><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201eZnajomo\u015b\u0107 imies\u0142ow\u00f3w w j\u0119zyku angielskim jest niezb\u0119dn\u0105 cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 nauki. Je\u015bli je opanujesz, niesamowicie rozwiniesz potencja\u0142 komunikacyjny\u201d.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">m\u00f3wi<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/english-teachers\/Ali%20S-f26b9448-4ae4-444a-821f-8c5068a1fb71\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ali Sullivan<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, nauczycielka w Novakid.<\/p>\n<p><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">W j\u0119zyku angielskim istniej\u0105 trzy<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> rodzaje imies\u0142ow\u00f3w<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, z kt\u00f3rych wszystkie s\u0105 nieodmienne. Mowa tutaj o present participle, past participle oraz perfect participle. S\u0105 to niesamowicie wa\u017cne konstrukcje gramatyczne, bez kt\u00f3rych nie mogliby\u015bmy si\u0119 w og\u00f3le pos\u0142ugiwa\u0107 j\u0119zykiem angielskim. Jak je zatem poprawnie stosowa\u0107? Czym tak naprawd\u0119 s\u0105 imies\u0142owy? I co jeszcze musisz na ich temat wiedzie\u0107? Zapraszamy do lektury!<\/span><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogHeadingText\" id=\"blogHeadingText-block_bf446408b5cedf1b3a98d0909fc2f2ed\">\n    <div class=\"blogHeadingText__wrapper\" >\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__heading\">\n            <h2 class=\"blogHeadingText__headingItem\" data-blog-heading data-section-id=\"blogHeadingText-block_bf446408b5cedf1b3a98d0909fc2f2ed\">\n                Czym jest imies\u0142\u00f3w w j\u0119zyku angielskim?            <\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__content\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imies\u0142\u00f3w (ang. participle) to forma czasownika, kt\u00f3ra \u0142\u0105czy cechy czasownika oraz przymiotnika. Wyst\u0119puje ona tak\u017ce w j\u0119zyku polskim, np.: robi\u0105c (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">imies\u0142\u00f3w czynny<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), zrobiwszy (imies\u0142\u00f3w uprzedni), umyty (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">imies\u0142\u00f3w bierny<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">), ale z t\u0105 r\u00f3\u017cnic\u0105, \u017ce w angielskim pozostaje ona nieodmienna w ka\u017cdej z postaci. <\/span><b>Uproszczaj\u0105c, w j\u0119zyku angielskim nie odmieniamy imies\u0142ow\u00f3w przez liczb\u0119, rodzaj albo przypadki.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zanim przejdziemy dalej, wymie\u0144my raz jeszcze rodzaje imies\u0142ow\u00f3w w j\u0119zyku angielskim:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">imies\u0142\u00f3w czasu tera\u017aniejszego (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">present participle<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">),<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">imies\u0142\u00f3w przesz\u0142y (past participle),<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">imies\u0142\u00f3w uprzedni, czyli perfect participle.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Te trzy rodzaje imies\u0142ow\u00f3w odpowiadaj\u0105 za wyra\u017canie relacji czasowych, strony czynnej i strony biernej oraz nast\u0119pstwa zdarze\u0144.<\/span><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogHeadingText\" id=\"blogHeadingText-block_f7f464c190531fb4bcfaf7cdc53c6a63\">\n    <div class=\"blogHeadingText__wrapper\" >\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__heading\">\n            <h2 class=\"blogHeadingText__headingItem\" data-blog-heading data-section-id=\"blogHeadingText-block_f7f464c190531fb4bcfaf7cdc53c6a63\">\n                Present participle, czyli imies\u0142\u00f3w czasu tera\u017aniejszego            <\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__content\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zacznijmy od present participle, kt\u00f3ry powstaje przez dodanie ko\u0144c\u00f3wki -ing do bezokolicznika. Jest to jedna z nieosobowych form czasownika, W\u015br\u00f3d imies\u0142ow\u00f3w w j\u0119zyku angielskim w\u0142a\u015bnie ten typ wyst\u0119puje najcz\u0119\u015bciej i ma najszersze zastosowanie.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imies\u0142owy present participle pozwalaj\u0105 nam powiedzie\u0107, \u017ce dwie czynno\u015bci dziej\u0105 si\u0119 W TYM SAMYM CZASIE, dlatego te\u017c nazywa si\u0119 je imies\u0142owami czynnymi. Tak samo jest zreszt\u0105 w j\u0119zyku polskim, gdy m\u00f3wimy: Sta\u0142am w kolejce, odpisuj\u0105c na telefonie koledze (dwie czynno\u015bci w tym samym momencie).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Przejd\u017amy teraz do przyk\u0142ad\u00f3w.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He came into the cinema, singing. (Wszed\u0142 do kina, \u015bpiewaj\u0105c)<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jak widzisz, kto\u015b wykonywa\u0142 dwie czynno\u015bci w tym samym momencie, wi\u0119c u\u017cyli\u015bmy imies\u0142owu czynnego.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A teraz inny przyk\u0142ad:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The waiting passengers looked tired.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">W tym wypadku imies\u0142\u00f3w czynny <\/span><b>pe\u0142ni funkcj\u0119<\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/przymiotnik-w-jezyku-angielskim\/\"> <b>przymotnika<\/b><\/a><b>. <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u0142owo <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">waiting<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> nie jest w\u00f3wczas czasownikiem, bo m\u00f3wimy o czekaj\u0105cych pasa\u017cerach (okre\u015blamy rzeczownik).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Podobnie:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the crying baby<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the running water<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the smiling teacher<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a fascinating story<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">an interesting book<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Inne przyk\u0142ady:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She was sitting by the window, reading a book.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They saw him walking down the street.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I met her waiting for the bus.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Present participle w roli okolicznika<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imies\u0142\u00f3w mo\u017ce te\u017c opisywa\u0107 okoliczno\u015bci czynno\u015bci:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Frankly speaking, I don\u2019t agree.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Walking through the park, she felt calmer.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wyra\u017cenie <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">frankly speaking<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> nie odnosi si\u0119 do konkretnej osoby, lecz do sposobu wypowiedzi.<\/span><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogImage\" id=\"blogImage-block_c250affa5f9e82757ee4e9c39fde410c\">\n    <div class=\"blogImage__wrapper\" >\n        <div class=\"blogImage__image\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-1_POL.png\" class=\"glightbox\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-1_POL.png\" alt=\"grupa dzieci ucz\u0105cych si\u0119 razem angielskiego i \u0107wicz\u0105cych imies\u0142owy w klasie\" class=\"blogImage__imageItem\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-1_POL-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-1_POL-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-1_POL-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-1_POL-1080x720.png 1080w, https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-1_POL.png 1344w\" >\n                <div class=\"glightbox__zoom\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/themes\/novakid\/public\/img\/icons\/search.svg\" alt=\"Zoom icon\" class=\"style-svg\">\n                <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogHeadingText\" id=\"blogHeadingText-block_afec011f1f6930a3bd7f74fc3927b7b1\">\n    <div class=\"blogHeadingText__wrapper\" >\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__heading\">\n            <h2 class=\"blogHeadingText__headingItem\" data-blog-heading data-section-id=\"blogHeadingText-block_afec011f1f6930a3bd7f74fc3927b7b1\">\n                Past participle, czyli imies\u0142owy bierne            <\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__content\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Forma past participle to nic innego, jak trzecia forma<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/czasowniki-nieregularne-w-jezyku-angielskim-tabela-z-wymowa\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">czasownika nieregularnego<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> lub<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/czasowniki-regularne\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">czasownik regularny<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> z ko\u0144c\u00f3wk\u0105 -ed, kt\u00f3r\u0105 zapewne znasz z czasu<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/czas-past-simple\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Past Simple<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Wyst\u0119puje tak\u017ce w stronie biernej i mo\u017ce zast\u0105pi\u0107 przymiotnik.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sp\u00f3jrz na przyk\u0142ady:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>a broken window<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 okno, kt\u00f3re zosta\u0142o zbite<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>the written text<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 tekst, kt\u00f3ry zosta\u0142 napisany<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>a known fact<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 fakt, kt\u00f3ry jest znany<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Past participle jako przymiotnik<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bardzo cz\u0119sto imies\u0142\u00f3w przesz\u0142y <\/span><b>pe\u0142ni funkcj\u0119 przymiotnika<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Przyk\u0142ady:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the broken chair<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the cake served cold<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the book written by a famous author<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">W zdaniu:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>The book written by a famous author became popular.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S\u0142owo <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">written<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> opisuje <\/span><b>the book<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a nie wykonawc\u0119 czynno\u015bci. Informacja o <\/span><b>znanym autorze<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pojawia si\u0119 dopiero p\u00f3\u017aniej.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Past participle a strona bierna<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Past participle \u0142\u0105czy si\u0119 z czasownikiem \u201eto be&#8221; w<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/passive-voice-kiedy-i-jak-uzywac-strony-biernej\/\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">stronie biernej<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>be + past participle<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Przyk\u0142ady:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The book was written in 1920.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The room is cleaned every morning.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>The cake was eaten quickly.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><b>Past participle w czasach perfect<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Imies\u0142\u00f3w przesz\u0142y pojawia si\u0119 r\u00f3wnie\u017c w czasach perfect.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><b>Present Perfect<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><b>have \/ has + past participle<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Przyk\u0142ady:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I have finished my homework.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They have broken the window.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She has written three emails.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Past Perfect<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><b>had + past participle<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Przyk\u0142ady:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They had left the room before I arrived.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He had finished his work earlier.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><b>Future Perfect<\/b><\/h4>\n<p><b>will have + past participle<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Przyk\u0142ad:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>By tomorrow, they will have completed the project.<\/b><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogHeadingText\" id=\"blogHeadingText-block_7acf3eba054b8639c4674d7f47941994\">\n    <div class=\"blogHeadingText__wrapper\" >\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__heading\">\n            <h2 class=\"blogHeadingText__headingItem\" data-blog-heading data-section-id=\"blogHeadingText-block_7acf3eba054b8639c4674d7f47941994\">\n                Perfect participle, czyli imies\u0142\u00f3w uprzedni            <\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__content\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Przed nami ju\u017c ostatni z rodzaj\u00f3w imies\u0142ow\u00f3w, czyli imies\u0142\u00f3w uprzedni. Stosujemy go, gdy chcemy opowiedzie\u0107 o czynno\u015bci, kt\u00f3r\u0105 zosta\u0142a wykonana przed inn\u0105 czynno\u015bci\u0105. <\/span><b>Mamy tutaj dwa istotne elementy: konstrukcj\u0119 having oraz III form\u0119 czasownika.<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Przyk\u0142ad:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Having finished his work, he went home.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Having read the book, she wrote a review.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Having finished the project, they celebrated.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Having left the room, he turned off the lights.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogImage\" id=\"blogImage-block_071bd92b72a5601fa13e429aab4c9c0f\">\n    <div class=\"blogImage__wrapper\" >\n        <div class=\"blogImage__image\">\n            <a href=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-2_POL.png\" class=\"glightbox\">\n                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-2_POL.png\" alt=\"dzieci pracuj\u0105ce w ma\u0142ych grupach i omawiaj\u0105ce zdania po angielsku podczas lekcji\" class=\"blogImage__imageItem\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-2_POL-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-2_POL-1024x683.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-2_POL-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-2_POL-1080x720.png 1080w, https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/participles-2_POL.png 1344w\" >\n                <div class=\"glightbox__zoom\">\n                    <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/themes\/novakid\/public\/img\/icons\/search.svg\" alt=\"Zoom icon\" class=\"style-svg\">\n                <\/div>\n            <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n            <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogHeadingText\" id=\"blogHeadingText-block_34b84a09a1e49d8f46c901e14a0fabe2\">\n    <div class=\"blogHeadingText__wrapper\" >\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__heading\">\n            <h2 class=\"blogHeadingText__headingItem\" data-blog-heading data-section-id=\"blogHeadingText-block_34b84a09a1e49d8f46c901e14a0fabe2\">\n                Typowe b\u0142\u0119dy uczni\u00f3w            <\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__content\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jednym z najcz\u0119stszych b\u0142\u0119d\u00f3w, jakie pope\u0142niaj\u0105 uczniowie, jest mylenie imies\u0142owu czynnego z biernym.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">B\u0142\u0119dne jest np. zdanie:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the cake eating by the child<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bo powinni\u015bmy powiedzie\u0107:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the cake eaten by the child<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Innym problemem jest u\u017cywanie niew\u0142a\u015bciwej formy czasownika zamiast III formy.<\/span><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogHeadingText\" id=\"blogHeadingText-block_8fff3205f3aeb7cd46b3dc7a70863e49\">\n    <div class=\"blogHeadingText__wrapper\" >\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__heading\">\n            <h2 class=\"blogHeadingText__headingItem\" data-blog-heading data-section-id=\"blogHeadingText-block_8fff3205f3aeb7cd46b3dc7a70863e49\">\n                Trzy rodzaje imies\u0142ow\u00f3w \u2013 pe\u0142ne por\u00f3wnanie            <\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__content\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">W j\u0119zyku polskim wyr\u00f3\u017cniamy imies\u0142owy przymiotnikowe (imies\u0142owy przymiotnikowe bierne i imies\u0142owy przymiotnikowe czynne), imies\u0142owy przys\u0142\u00f3wkowe (imies\u0142owy przys\u0142\u00f3wkowe wsp\u00f3\u0142czesne i imies\u0142owy przys\u0142\u00f3wkowe uprzednie). No i jest to do\u015b\u0107 skomplikowany temat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">W przypadku j\u0119zyka angielskiego, rol\u0119 polskich imies\u0142ow\u00f3w przymiotnikowych i imies\u0142ow\u00f3w przys\u0142\u00f3wkowych czynnych zast\u0119puje forma present participle z ko\u0144c\u00f3wk\u0105 -ing. Z kolei imies\u0142\u00f3w przys\u0142\u00f3wkowy uprzedni i imies\u0142\u00f3w przymiotnikowy bierny to angielskie formy past participle.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zerknij jeszcze na pe\u0142ne por\u00f3wnanie 3 rodzaj\u00f3w imies\u0142ow\u00f3w w j\u0119zyku angielskim.<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Rodzaj imies\u0142owu<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Forma<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Znaczenie<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Funkcja<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Przyk\u0142ad<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Present participle<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">-ing<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">czynno\u015b\u0107 aktywna<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">przymiotnik \/ opis<\/span><\/td>\n<td><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the running water \/ He came into the cinema, singing.<\/span><\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Past participle<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">III forma \/ -ed<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">znaczenie bierne<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">przymiotnik \/ passive voice<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b><i>the broken window <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">lub w stronie biernej:<\/span> <b><i>the book written by a famous author became popular<\/i><\/b><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/i><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Perfect participle<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">having + III forma<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">wcze\u015bniejsza czynno\u015b\u0107<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">relacja czasowa<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Having finished his work, he went home.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jak widzisz, nauczenie si\u0119 imies\u0142ow\u00f3w w angielskim nie jest takie trudne. Musisz je zna\u0107, \u017ceby swobodnie komunikowa\u0107 si\u0119 z innymi osobami i m\u00f3c p\u0142ynnie przechodzi\u0107 z tematu do tematu. Powtarzaj imies\u0142owy w kontek\u015bcie, stosuj je podczas rozm\u00f3w i nie b\u00f3j si\u0119 pope\u0142nia\u0107 b\u0142\u0119d\u00f3w, bo to naturalna cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 nauki. A je\u015bli chcesz nauczy\u0107 si\u0119 angielskiego szybko, skutecznie i bez stresu, zapraszamy na<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/registration\"> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nasze zaj\u0119cia w Novakid<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">!<\/span><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogHeadingText\" id=\"blogHeadingText-block_b20bc89b169aac096465abad0a2a931a\">\n    <div class=\"blogHeadingText__wrapper\" >\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__heading\">\n            <h2 class=\"blogHeadingText__headingItem\" data-blog-heading data-section-id=\"blogHeadingText-block_b20bc89b169aac096465abad0a2a931a\">\n                Sprawdzamy wiedz\u0119!            <\/h2>\n        <\/div>\n        <div class=\"blogHeadingText__content\">\n            <p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Przejd\u017a do poni\u017cszych \u0107wicze\u0144 i sprawd\u017a, co ju\u017c potrafisz!<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>\u0106wiczenie 1<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wybierz poprawn\u0105 form\u0119.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The ___ cake was delicious.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) baking<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) baked<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">She sat there ___ for the bus.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) waited<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) waiting<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">___ his homework, he went out.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) Having finished<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) Finished<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The window was ___ yesterday.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) breaking<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) broken<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A ___ movie can be scary.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) frightening<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) frightened<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n    <section class=\"section blogAccordionQA\" id=\"blogAccordionQA-block_0abe50a0794862a8a48382ef64195020\">\n        <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__wrapper\" >\n            <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__content\">\n                                                            <details class=\"blogAccordionQA__item\">\n                            <summary class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemTitle\">\n                                Odpowiedzi:                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/themes\/novakid\/public\/img\/icons\/faq-arrow.svg\" alt=\"Arrow icon\" class=\"style-svg blogAccordionQA__itemTitleIcon\">\n                            <\/summary>\n                            <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemContent\">\n                                <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemAnswer\">\n                                                                            <ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n                                                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/details>\n                                                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogText\" id=\"blogText-block_4b99a57a0b93b02e02fad1809a82987a\">\n    <div class=\"blogText__wrapper\">\n        <div class=\"blogText__content\">\n            <h2><b>\u0106wiczenie 2<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oznacz stron\u0119 biern\u0105 i stron\u0119 czynn\u0105.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the crying baby<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the stolen car<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the smiling teacher<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the written text<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the falling leaves<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n    <section class=\"section blogAccordionQA\" id=\"blogAccordionQA-block_7b506ced798541be4939f34021450756\">\n        <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__wrapper\" >\n            <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__content\">\n                                                            <details class=\"blogAccordionQA__item\">\n                            <summary class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemTitle\">\n                                Odpowiedzi:                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/themes\/novakid\/public\/img\/icons\/faq-arrow.svg\" alt=\"Arrow icon\" class=\"style-svg blogAccordionQA__itemTitleIcon\">\n                            <\/summary>\n                            <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemContent\">\n                                <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemAnswer\">\n                                                                            <ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">czynna<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">bierna<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">czynna<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">bierna<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">czynna<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n                                                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/details>\n                                                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogText\" id=\"blogText-block_66790bc73acd4d3dab04147c9b279b7a\">\n    <div class=\"blogText__wrapper\">\n        <div class=\"blogText__content\">\n            <h2><b>\u0106wiczenie 3<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uzupe\u0142nij zdanie.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Having ___ the book, she understood the ending.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The door was ___ earlier.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I saw him ___ across the street.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The meal ___ cold was unpopular.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">___ his work, he left the office.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n    <section class=\"section blogAccordionQA\" id=\"blogAccordionQA-block_269f83d96269c188de24c35e2cc6a843\">\n        <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__wrapper\" >\n            <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__content\">\n                                                            <details class=\"blogAccordionQA__item\">\n                            <summary class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemTitle\">\n                                Odpowiedzi:                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/themes\/novakid\/public\/img\/icons\/faq-arrow.svg\" alt=\"Arrow icon\" class=\"style-svg blogAccordionQA__itemTitleIcon\">\n                            <\/summary>\n                            <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemContent\">\n                                <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemAnswer\">\n                                                                            <ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">read<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">closed<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">walking<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">served<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Having finished<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n                                                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/details>\n                                                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n\n\n  <section class=\"section blogText\" id=\"blogText-block_eb1814f4bbeaa968d8fe8817dd59b8d6\">\n    <div class=\"blogText__wrapper\">\n        <div class=\"blogText__content\">\n            <h2><b>\u0106wiczenie 4<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wybierz poprawne zdanie.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) Having left the house, the keys were lost.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) Having left the house, he lost the keys.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) The broken glass was dangerous.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) The breaking glass was dangerous.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) She looked at the bored students.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) She looked at the boring students.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) Waiting for the bus, it started raining.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) Waiting for the bus, they got wet.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a) The book writing by a famous author<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b) The book written by a famous author<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/section>\n\n\n    <section class=\"section blogAccordionQA\" id=\"blogAccordionQA-block_fa8db492e2ab34710b4e32736f5a1e4b\">\n        <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__wrapper\" >\n            <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__content\">\n                                                            <details class=\"blogAccordionQA__item\">\n                            <summary class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemTitle\">\n                                Odpowiedzi:                                <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.novakidschool.com\/pl\/blog\/wp-content\/themes\/novakid\/public\/img\/icons\/faq-arrow.svg\" alt=\"Arrow icon\" class=\"style-svg blogAccordionQA__itemTitleIcon\">\n                            <\/summary>\n                            <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemContent\">\n                                <div class=\"blogAccordionQA__itemAnswer\">\n                                                                            <ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">b<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n                                                                    <\/div>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/details>\n                                                <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Poznaj imies\u0142owy w j\u0119zyku angielskim: present participle, past participle i perfect participle. Szczeg\u00f3\u0142owe wyja\u015bnienia na przyk\u0142adach.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":16188,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramatyka"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Present, perfect i past participle \u2013 co to takiego?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Poznaj imies\u0142owy w j\u0119zyku angielskim: present participle, past participle i perfect participle. 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